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- TTTThhhheeee EEEEllllmmmm AAAAlllliiiiaaaassss SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm UUUUsssseeeerrrrssss GGGGuuuuiiiiddddeeee
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- _W_h_a_t _a_l_i_a_s_e_s _a_r_e _a_n_d _h_o_w _t_o _u_s_e _t_h_e_m
- _i_n _t_h_e EEEEllllmmmm _m_a_i_l _s_y_s_t_e_m
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- The Elm Mail System
- (Version 2.4)
-
-
- Syd Weinstein, Elm Coordinator
- Datacomp Systems, Inc.
- 3837 Byron Road
- Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006-2320
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- email: elm@DSI.COM or dsinc!elm
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- Copyright 1986,1987 by Dave Taylor
- Copyright 1988-1992 by The USENET Community Trust
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- TTTThhhheeee EEEEllllmmmm AAAAlllliiiiaaaassss SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm UUUUsssseeeerrrrssss GGGGuuuuiiiiddddeeee
-
- (The Elm Mail System, Version 2.4)
-
- October 1, 1992
-
-
- Syd Weinstein
- Datacomp Systems, Inc.
- 3837 Byron Road
- Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006-2320
-
- email: elm@DSI.COM or dsinc!elm
-
-
- Derived from
- "The Elm Mail System, Version 2.0"
- by
- Dave Taylor
- Intuitive Systems
- Mountain View, California
- email: taylor@intuitive.com or limbo!taylor
-
-
-
- This document is intended as a supplement to the _E_l_m _U_s_e_r_s _G_u_i_d_e
- and is only of interest to those users desiring more knowledge
- about how aliases work and how to create strange and exciting
- aliases for their systems (okay, so maybe it's not _t_h_a_t excit-
- ing!)
-
- This document is broken up into the following sections; user
- aliases, group aliases, system aliases, editing and installing
- new aliases, general warnings and other chit-chat.
-
-
-
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- 1111.... UUUUsssseeeerrrr AAAAlllliiiiaaaasssseeeessss
-
- The simplest type of aliases in the Elm system are individual
- user aliases. These are made up of three parts;
-
- _a_l_i_a_s_n_a_m_e _l_i_s_t = _u_s_e_r_n_a_m_e = _a_d_d_r_e_s_s
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-
-
-
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- Alias Users Guide Version 2.4
-
-
-
-
-
- Alias Users Guide Version 2.4
-
-
- Where the _a_l_i_a_s_n_a_m_e _l_i_s_t is either a single aliasname or a list
- of aliasnames separated by commas. Aliasnames are case insensi-
- tive and will be converted to all lower case by the alias system.
-
- _U_s_e_r_n_a_m_e is used to indicate the full "real name" of the user.
- For example, if you had an alias for "taylor" to get to me, the
- _u_s_e_r_n_a_m_e field would contain "Dave Taylor" or perhaps "Dave Tay-
- lor at HP" or some other permutation. The name can optionally be
- entered in the format of "Taylor; Dave". When this is done, the
- alias system can sort aliases on a last name basis for presenta-
- tion on the alias menu within Elm. Elm uses this information to
- add the user's full name to the addresses of outbound mail to get
- more readable addresses. No matter which format a name is en-
- tered, Elm displays it and puts it in mail headers the way you
- would expect (i.e., "Dave Taylor").
-
- _A_d_d_r_e_s_s is either the user's full electronic mail address or, if
- your system uses a smart mailer, the minimum address needed to
- specify the destination. For example, say my smart mailer con-
- tained information on how to get to machine "hp-sdd" and I wanted
- to have an address for my friend Ken there - I could have his ad-
- dress specified as simply "ken@hp-sdd" (or alternatively "hp-
- sdd!ken" since the two are functionally equivalent).
-
- Let's get on to some examples, shall we?
-
- Consider this excerpt from my own ._e_l_m/_a_l_i_a_s_e_s._t_e_x_t file;
-
- # Mail aliases for Dave Taylor
- # Friends from UCSD
- addie = Addie Silva = addie@hp-sdd.SDD.HP.COM
- frank,minjarez = Frank Minjarez = Minjarez.Verify@dockmaster.ddn.mil
- pizzini = Ken Pizzini = hplabs!ucbvax!ucdavis!pai!ken
- george = Burdell; George P., Famous GT Guy= gburdell@matd.gatech.edu
-
- Note that the alias for Frank Minjarez has two _a_l_i_a_s_n_a_m_e_s associ-
- ated with it, _f_r_a_n_k and _m_i_n_j_a_r_e_z. Also notice that the first and
- second aliases use the Internet style naming convention of
- _u_s_e_r@_m_a_c_h_i_n_e whereas the third uses the _u_u_c_p notation of
- _m_a_c_h_i_n_e!_u_s_e_r. The fourth alias illustrates two features for the
- _u_s_e_r_n_a_m_e field. An individual's name can be entered in the form
- of _l_a_s_t_n_a_m_e; _f_i_r_s_t_n_a_m_e, _c_o_m_m_e_n_t which allows the alias system to
- be able to sort alias names on a last name basis. Additionally,
- any text after the comma is treated as a comment. It is stored
- in the alias file and displayed on the alias menu but will not
- appear in the comment field (between the parentheses) in the
- header of a message. This allows you to enter useful notes about
- an individual that you would not otherwise want to include in the
-
- __________
- 1. Aliasnames can be any combination of letters,
- numbers, hyphens ('-'), periods ('.'), or underscores
- ('_'). Letter case is not significant, that is,
- "FRED", "Fred", and "fred" are identical.
-
-
- October 1, 1992 Page 2
-
-
-
-
-
- Alias Users Guide Version 2.4
-
-
- TTTToooo:::: header of a mail message.
-
- For the most part, the notational format is transparent within
- the alias file - the only time it _d_o_e_s make a difference is if
- you have to specify more than the machine that the user is re-
- ceiving mail on (as in the third example above).
-
- Suffice to say that if you must specify any sort of uucp route
- that you should use the uucp notation as much as possible to en-
- sure that the system expands the correct machine name. Similar-
- ly, if you're bouncing mail through different Internet sites (to
- get to a foreign system, as in the example below) you should use
- the notation that system expects, e.g.:
-
- listserv%byuadmin.BITNET@rugters.edu
-
-
- 2222.... GGGGrrrroooouuuupppp AAAAlllliiiiaaaasssseeeessss
-
- After the confusion of user aliases, group aliases are even more
- fun! For the most part the notation is very similar:
-
- _a_l_i_a_s_n_a_m_e _l_i_s_t = _g_r_o_u_p_n_a_m_e = _a_d_d_r_e_s_s _l_i_s_t
-
- Where _a_l_i_a_s_n_a_m_e _l_i_s_t and _g_r_o_u_p_n_a_m_e are exactly equivalent to the
- corresponding fields in user aliases.
-
- The interesting part is the _a_d_d_r_e_s_s _l_i_s_t field; this field is ac-
- tually in the same notation as the aliasname list (i.e., a list
- of addresses separated by commas), so it's really quite easy to
- create. It's best to illustrate by example:
-
- friends, mypals = The Gang of Six = joe, larry, mary, joanna,
- nancy, michael
-
- Notice that you can continue onto as many lines as you'd like so
- long as each additional line starts with either a <_s_p_a_c_e> or a
- <_t_a_b> character.
-
- At times it may be desirable to send a message to everyone in the
- group except one or two people. This can be accomplished by ad-
- ding the individuals' actual IDs to the TTTToooo:::: list, preceded by a
- minus sign ('-'). For example, if you were having a surprise
- party for _n_a_n_c_y from the above group and you wanted to discuss
- the details with the others, you could mail the message to:
-
- friends -nancy
-
- Unlike in prior versions of Elm, group alias addresses need not
- be _p_r_e_v_i_o_u_s_l_y _d_e_f_i_n_e_d _a_l_i_a_s_e_s or valid mail addresses on the
- current machine. Any valid delivery address, local user, or pri-
- or user or group alias may now be part of a group alias _a_d_d_r_e_s_s
- _l_i_s_t.
-
-
-
- October 1, 1992 Page 3
-
-
-
-
-
- Alias Users Guide Version 2.4
-
-
- 3333.... SSSSyyyysssstttteeeemmmm AAAAlllliiiiaaaasssseeeessss
-
- System aliases are functionally equivalent to the individual Elm
- alias lists each Elm user has (both user aliases and group
- aliases) but are _r_e_a_d _o_n_l_y for everyone but the Elm administra-
- tor. The format of the file is identical to the users' files,
- and the only difference is that this file is expected to be lo-
- cated in the directory that contains the ssssyyyysssstttteeeemmmm____hhhhaaaasssshhhh____ffffiiiilllleeee and
- ssssyyyysssstttteeeemmmm____ddddaaaattttaaaa____ffffiiiilllleeee files (see the _E_l_m _C_o_n_f_i_g_u_r_a_t_i_o_n _G_u_i_d_e for more
- details on these variables).
-
- Simply create the system alias file in the specified directory as
- you would a normal alias file, and install it using the newalias
- command with the -g option (see the following section for more
- details on that). Voila!!
-
-
- 4444.... EEEEddddiiiittttiiiinnnngggg aaaannnndddd IIIInnnnssssttttaaaalllllllliiiinnnngggg NNNNeeeewwww AAAAlllliiiiaaaasssseeeessss
-
- To install new aliases, you need merely to create, or modify, the
- file $_H_O_M_E/._e_l_m/_a_l_i_a_s_e_s._t_e_x_t until you're satisfied with it and
- it meets the requirements discussed above. You can then try to
- install it with the command:
-
- $ nnnneeeewwwwaaaalllliiiiaaaassss
-
- which either reports the number of aliases installed or the er-
- rors encountered trying to parse and store the given alias list.
-
- Note that blank lines are no problem and that comments are not
- only allowed but actually encouraged, and must have '#' as the
- first character of each comment line.
-
-
- 5555.... OOOOtttthhhheeeerrrr SSSSttttuuuuffffffff nnnnooootttt CCCCoooovvvveeeerrrreeeedddd YYYYeeeetttt
-
- Probably the biggest question you have in your mind right now is
- "But how the heck does this relate to my existing _B_e_r_k_e_l_e_y _M_a_i_l
- aliases and the lower-level _s_e_n_d_m_a_i_l alias system?" Well, rest
- assured that if you _r_e_a_l_l_y want to have your aliases down in the
- transport you can. No problem.
-
- And for those ex-_B_e_r_k_e_l_e_y _M_a_i_l fans, you can translate your
- aliases into the format that Elm wants by running them through
- the _a_w_k script listed in the appendix.
-
- Finally, if you have any problems or questions, try looking in
- the _n_e_w_a_l_i_a_s manual entry.
-
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- October 1, 1992 Page 4
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-
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- Alias Users Guide Version 2.4
-
-
- AAAAppppppppeeeennnnddddiiiixxxx OOOOnnnneeee
- AAAAnnnn _a_w_k SSSSccccrrrriiiipppptttt ffffoooorrrr TTTTrrrraaaannnnssssllllaaaattttiiiinnnngggg AAAAlllliiiiaaaasssseeeessss
- ffffrrrroooommmm aaaa BBBBeeeerrrrkkkkeeeelllleeeeyyyy MMMMaaaaiiiillll ._m_a_i_l_r_c FFFFiiiilllleeee
- ttttoooo aaaannnn EEEEllllmmmm ._e_l_m/_a_l_i_a_s_e_s._t_e_x_t FFFFiiiilllleeee
-
-
- BEGIN { print "# Elm .elm/aliases.text file, from a .mailrc file..."
- print ""
- }
- next_line == 1 {
- next_line = 0;
- group = ""
- for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) {
- if (i == NF && $i == "\\") sep = ""
- else sep = ", "
- if ($i == "\\") {
- group = sprintf("%s,", group)
- next_line = 1;
- }
- else if (length(group) > 0)
- group = sprintf("%s%s%s", group, sep, $i);
- else
- group = $i;
- }
- print "\t" group
- }
- $1 ~ /[Aa]lias | [Gg]roup/ {
- if ( NF == 3)
- print $2 " = user alias = " $3;
- else {
- group = ""
- for (i = 3; i <= NF; i++) {
- if (i == NF && $i == "\\") sep = ""
- else sep = ", "
- if ($i == "\\") {
- group = sprintf("%s,", group)
- next_line = 1;
- }
- else if (length(group) > 0)
- group = sprintf("%s%s%s", group, sep, $i);
- else
- group = $i;
- }
- print $2 " = group alias = " group;
- }
- }
-
- Note: this script is contained in the release as
- _u_t_i_l_s/_m_a_i_l_r_c._a_w_k.
-
-
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- October 1, 1992 Page 5
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